Article 5 establishes the general exemption from Corporate Tax for Government Entities. However, it introduces a crucial exception: a Government Entity becomes subject to the tax law if it conducts a Business or Business Activity under a licence from a Licensing Authority. In such cases, the licensed activity is treated as an independent business requiring separate financial statements. The Taxable Income for this business must be calculated independently. Furthermore, any transactions between the taxable business activity and the entity's other non-taxable activities are considered Related Party transactions, subject to arm's length principles under Article 34.