Article 115 provides two critical tax exemptions to prevent double taxation and encourage investment. First, it exempts dividends received by an establishment, Omani company, or PE from their shareholdings in any Omani company, as the underlying profits have typically already been taxed at the subsidiary level. Second, it exempts profits or gains derived from the disposal of securities listed on the Muscat Securities Market (MSX). These exemptions support the local capital market and ensure that domestic corporate distributions are not subject to multiple layers of Omani income tax.